With the rising popularity of e-bikes, e-scooters, and other lithium-ion battery-powered devices in strata properties, ensuring safety amidst the risk of battery-related fires is paramount. In this article, we explore the challenges posed by lithium-ion batteries and outline proactive measures to mitigate risks and protect strata occupants.
What are the concerns associated with lithium-ion batteries?
Lithium-ion batteries offer superior performance, packing high energy density into a compact size, thanks to their liquid electrolyte solution containing lithium ions. However, this same electrolyte is highly volatile and flammable, posing a significant risk of fire or explosion, especially when exposed to high temperatures. Additionally, the process of producing power in these batteries generates heat as a by-product, which can reach temperatures exceeding 400 degrees Celsius within seconds when it fails. Lithium-ion battery fires are notoriously difficult to contain, making them more volatile compared to other battery types.
What fire hazards do lithium-ion batteries present?
Lithium-ion battery failures pose significant dangers as they can be extremely challenging to extinguish. While water-based fire extinguishers can help cool down the battery and prevent fire spread, they do not extinguish the fire until the battery's energy is dissipated. Although specialised lithium-ion gel extinguishers exist, they are not widely accessible for all lithium-ion battery applications. Moreover, even after appearing extinguished, lithium-ion battery fires can reignite hours or days later. Additionally, these batteries can release highly toxic gases upon failure, and excessive heat may lead to explosions.
Why the increased concern around lithium-ion batteries?
Information from state fire departments shows over 450 fires in Australia linked to lithium-ion batteries in the last 18 months.
Above: Firefighters suspect an electric scooter caused a fire in a ground floor unit in Wentworthville. Twenty-eight firefighters responded, rescuing six people. One person was hospitalised for smoke inhalation. Investigators believe a e-scooter left on charge overnight ignited the blaze in July 2023.
Above: Faulty Lithium-Ion battery caused an e-bike fire at a Wolli Creek apartment block in late 2023. Blaze started at 6pm in a seventh-floor unit, leading to evacuation of 30 residents. A 30-year-old woman was treated for smoke inhalation.
Above: In early 2024 another fire was caused by a faulty e-bike lithium-ion battery left on charge in the bedroom of a North Bondi unit. Four people escaped the smoke-filled unit after hearing small explosions. Fourteen people from adjoining units were also evacuated as a precaution. The building's automatic fire door activated, limiting the spread of fire and smoke helping Firefighters contain the damage to the unit.
Safety tips for handling lithium-ion batteries and products:
In response to the increased lithium-ion battery related fires, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) issued a paper calling for input on how to improve battery safety. They also outlined some useful safety tips:
Monitor charging times and disconnect fully charged products promptly. Consider using timers as reminders.
Dispose of lithium-ion batteries properly; do not throw them in household garbage or recycling bins.
Charge batteries away from flammable materials like beds, sofas, or carpet.
Store batteries and products in cool, dry places away from direct sunlight, especially during charging.
Avoid using overheating batteries, products, or chargers showing signs of failure like swelling or leaking.
Ensure the charger matches the product being charged.
Allow batteries to cool before charging, and after use.
In case of fire or explosion, dial 000 immediately. For more guidance, contact your local fire department.
Fire and Rescue NSW (FRNSW) advices the following:
Be cautious, as lithium-ion batteries may reignite after a fire is put out.
Purchase lithium-ion products and batteries from reputable suppliers that adhere to Australian standards.
Use only cords and chargers provided with the device; avoid using low-quality, replacement components.
Avoid charging devices while sleeping, away from home, or in areas that may impede your escape.
Do not overcharge batteries; switch off cells once fully charged to prevent overheating.
Preferably, charge micromobility devices like e-bikes and e-scooters outdoors, away from the home.
Charge batteries in a clear, non-combustible area near a smoke alarm.
Be vigilant for any signs of trouble such as strong odours, extreme heat, colour changes, deformities, or unusual sounds from lithium-ion batteries. If detected, have the battery inspected by a professional promptly.
In addition to educating strata occupants on lithium-ion battery safety and fire prevention measures, Compass Strata encourages proactive engagement in ensuring the safety and well-being of your community. Contact us today to learn more about how we can assist you in implementing effective safety protocols and maintaining a secure living environment for all occupants. Together, let's prioritise safety and peace of mind in your strata property.
